abstract：:Ultrasound has rapidly become an essential tool in the emergency department, specifically in procedural guidance. Its use has been demonstrated to improve the success rate of procedures, while decreasing complications. In this article, we explore some of these specific procedures involving needle guidance and structur...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Tirado A,Nagdev A,Henningsen C,Breckon P,Chiles K

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The treatment of gynecologic and other infections in obstetric patients involves consideration of the physiologic changes of pregnancy, the clinical implications of the infection for the patient as well as the fetus, and the safety of antimicrobials available for therapy. This article highlights the treatment of infec...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Torres M,Moayedi S

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stroke is rare in children but leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Emergency department physicians are likely to be the first to evaluate children suffering strokes and it is, therefore, important for them to recognize common presenting features and risk factors for pediatric stroke. This review describes th...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Freundlich CL,Cervantes-Arslanian AM,Dorfman DH

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stroke should not solely be considered a disease of the elderly, and racial disparities are most evident among young adults. Acute stroke can present at any age and it is important to be familiar with the evaluation and treatment of stroke to provide timely care. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale helps phy...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Pare JR,Kahn JH

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pulmonary embolism (PE) remains one of the most challenging medical diseases in the emergency department. PE is a potentially life threatening diagnosis that is seen in patients with chest pain and/or dyspnea but can span the clinical spectrum of medical presentations. In addition, it does not have any particular clin...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Ouellette DW,Patocka C

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rapid response systems (RRS) are both intuitive and supported by data, but the institution of an RRS is not a panacea for in-hospital cardiac arrest or unexpected deaths. RRS implementation should be one component of an institution-wide effort to improve patient safety that includes adequate nursing education and staf...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： McCurdy MT,Wood SL

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews out-of-hospital cardiac arrest from a public health perspective. Case definitions are discussed. Incidence, outcome, and fixed and modifiable risk factors for cardiac arrest are described. There is a large variation in survival between communities that is not explained by patient or community fact...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Taniguchi D,Baernstein A,Nichol G

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article discusses clinical presentations and diagnostic approaches to acute coronary syndrome in the emergency department. ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Yiadom MY

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pediatric medical complaints and differential diagnoses often vary from adults, requiring a specialized knowledge base and behavioral skill set. This article addresses a variety of congenital and acquired pediatric genitourinary disorders. Genitourinary emergencies include paraphismosis, priapism, serious infection, s...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： McGrath NA,Howell JM,Davis JE

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The penis is a very sensitive organ and even minor injury or discomfort may cause a patient to seek emergency evaluation. Emergency practitioners must be most concerned with the entities that, if left untreated, can result in ischemia and necrosis of the penis, namely ischemic priapism, paraphimosis, and entrapment in...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Dubin J,Davis JE

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathophysiology of esophageal and gastric disorders is complicated and broad and includes iatrogenic, structural, inflammatory, neuromuscular, neoplastic, and infectious causes. Symptoms can be nonspecific and are often initially attributed to cardiac or respiratory causes. These disorders have both acute and chro...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Mangili A

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past decade several new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have become available, including new formulations of some of the older medications. Understanding the pharmacokinetics of the new AEDs is important because they are primarily used for adjunctive therapy and interactions with other medications can result in ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Hung OL,Shih RD

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seizure is one of the most common complaints encountered in the prehospital setting. In this review the authors discuss the prehospital management of seizures and review the evidence for specific treatment approaches. Specific attention is devoted to prehospital care of the pediatric seizure patient. Topics of interes...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Michael GE,O'Connor RE

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Avoiding legal pitfalls of orthopedic injuries in the emergency department (ED) requires an understanding of certain high-risk injuries, their presentation, evaluation, and disposition. Various pitfalls pertaining to both upper and lower extremity injuries are discussed in detail, with recommendations regarding the hi...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Germann CA,Perron AD

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article provides a review of the evaluation and treatment of common injuries to the shoulder, humerus, and clavicle in the emergency department (ED) setting. In addition to a focused review of the shoulder's physical examination, topics include common emergent injuries such as glenohumeral dislocations, proximal ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Malik S,Chiampas G,Leonard H

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness associated with inability to maintain postural tone followed by spontaneous recovery and return to baseline neurologic status. Global cerebral hypoperfusion is the final pathway common to all presentations of syncope, but this symptom presentation has a broad differ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Kessler C,Tristano JM,De Lorenzo R

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, also known as primary HIV infection, is the initial phase of infection, spanning from inoculation to the establishment of CD4 count and viral load set points. This phase is marked by dynamic changes in viral replication and host immune responses and contains 2 import...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Self WH

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Emergency medicine physicians are uniquely positioned to detect manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease in the head and neck region. Awareness of the myriad of opportunistic infections and malignancies that involve the head, neck, and eyes is paramount to their diagnosis and treatment. On occasion...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Moayedi S

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pediatric patients often present to the emergency department with orthopedic pathology that can challenge the emergency department physician. This article focuses on key diagnoses that are frequently mismanaged. These diagnoses require specific knowledge to execute appropriate treatment. Pediatric fractures, compartme...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Laine JC,Kaiser SP,Diab M

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with behavioral disturbances account for approximately 6% of all ED visits. Emergency physicians are often responsible for the initial assessment of these patients' psychiatric complaints, which might include homicidal and suicidal behavior and acute psychosis. The ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Sood TR,Mcstay CM

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumor lysis syndrome is most often seen after the treatment of blood and solid malignancies. The resultant hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperuricemia can lead to life threatening complications. Expeditious evaluation and therapy are paramount in preventing the most serious sequelae of acute renal...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Zonfrillo MR

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A thorough working knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment of life-threatening electrolyte abnormalities in cancer patients, especially hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, and hypercalcemia, is essential to the successful practice of emergency medicine. Although most minor abnormalities have no specific treatment, severe cli...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Kacprowicz RF,Lloyd JD

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Headache continues to be a frequent cause of emergency department (ED) use, accounting for 2% of all visits. Most of these headaches prove to be benign but painful exacerbations of chronic headache disorders, such as migraine, tension-type, and cluster. The goal of ED management is to provide rapid and quick relief of...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Friedman BW,Grosberg BM

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rapid sequence intubation is the process involving administration of a sedative (eg, induction agent) followed almost immediately by a neuromuscular blocking agent to facilitate endotracheal intubation The purpose of emergency RSI is to make emergent intubation easier and safer, thereby increasing the success rate of ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Mace SE

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Helium-oxygen ("heliox") mixtures have been used for decades in the treatment of various respiratory problems ranging from acute upper airway obstructions to lower airway derangements, such as asthma and exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. This review presents a brief history of helium and helium-oxygen mixtures and ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： McGarvey JM,Pollack CV

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The spectrum of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) includes several clinical complexes that frequently cause critical instability in affected patients. This article focuses on several critical care aspects of these unstable ACS patients. The management of cardiogenic shock can be particularly challenging because the mecha...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Naples RM,Harris JW,Ghaemmaghami CA

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pneumonia remains one of the most common reasons for admission of emergency department (ED) patients to the hospital. Pneumonia also remains one of the most common causes of death in our patients. As with many emergent conditions, the ED management of these patients initiated by ED physicians contributes greatly to th...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Plouffe JF,Martin DR

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemical or radiant energy injuries to the eyes are considered ocular burns. The majority of these injuries are occupation-related. Chemical burns are by far more common and represent a true emergency. Thermal and UV injuries are associated with severe pain, but often result in less long-term sequelae than chemical in...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Spector J,Fernandez WG

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the broad technologic advancements of medicine, screening for illness in infants is highly reliant on a complete physical exam. For this reason it is critical that the examining physician not only have a thorough understanding of abnormal findings but also the normal findings and their variants. The vast major...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Lowe MC Jr,Woolridge DP

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elderly trauma patients present unique challenges and face more significant obstacles to recovery than younger patients. Despite overall higher mortality, longer length of stay, increased resource use, and higher rates of discharge to rehabilitation, most elderly trauma patients return to independent or preinjury func...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Callaway DW,Wolfe R

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trauma is the number one killer of Americans under age 34; optimal trauma care is provided when there is a well-functioning, comprehensive system. This article reviews the development of trauma centers in the United States, recommending that the number of trauma centers be optimized so that resources and expense be ke...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Markovchick VJ,Moore EE

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) is a complex and ever-prevalent problem presenting to emergency departments. Emergency personnel should consider DFSA in patients who are amnestic to the specific details of the event following a reported sexual assault. The presence of ethanol or a positive routine drug screen i...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Bechtel LK,Holstege CP

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxic overdose can present with various clinical signs and symptoms. These may be the only clues to diagnosis when the cause of toxicity is unknown at the time of initial assessment. The prognosis and clinical course of recovery of a patient poisoned by a specific agent depends largely on the quality of care delivered...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Erickson TB,Thompson TM,Lu JJ

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article focuses on the use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOt) in the treatment of open fractures and crush injuries. Based on the clinical evidence and cost analysis, medical institutions that treat open fracture and crush injuries are justified in incorporating HBOt as a standard of care. Both Medicare and Unde...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Buettner MF,Wolkenhauer D

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Wound healing is a complex interchange, orchestrated between cellular components that play their respective parts signaled by and mediated by different cellular instruments of healing. When healing is performed well, the final product is a thing of beauty. When healing is delayed, interrupted, or excessive, then unsig...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Strecker-McGraw MK,Jones TR,Baer DG

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, multiple global forces have contributed to the emergence and widespread distribution of previously unknown disease entities. This article discusses Ebola virus, West Nile virus, and Hantavirus as representative emerging infectious diseases. Smallpox is discussed along with concerns about the safety of...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Saks MA,Karras D

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This issue of the Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America focuses on the spectrum of public health issues that significantly impact the practice of emergency medicine and which are faced by practicing emergency physicians on daily basis. Topics include public health research in the emergency department; respirator...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Hirshon JM,Morris DM

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interrelationships between biomedical ethics and the law are perhaps nowhere as starkly apparent as in the realm of medical malpractice. Although ethical and legal conduct and practices are often in harmony, in many areas ethical principles and the issues surrounding medical liability appear to come into conflict....

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Solomon RC

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article examines the role and impact of EMTALA on the ethical delivery of hospital-based emergency services, primarily through close inspection of three of the core EMTALA mandates: the medical screening examination, the duty to accept patients in transfer from less capable facilities, and the requirement that th...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Bitterman RA

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aging process results in changes in pulmonary physiology that make the elderly population more susceptible to pulmonary disease. These physiologic changes also alter the clinical presentation of such diseases, making the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary disorders particularly challenging for the clinician. It ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Imperato J,Sanchez LD

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00